BASEEECS

ELCB and RCCB are not the same; they have different working principles, with the modern RCCB replacing the older ELCB. An ELCB (voltage-operated) detects an earth fault by monitoring for a voltage difference between the equipment's metal body and the earth. In contrast, an RCCB (current-operated) continuously compares the current in the live and neutral wires and trips when it detects an imbalance, making it a more sensitive and comprehensive safety device that doesn't require an earth connection to function. ELCB (Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker) How it works: Detects a voltage rise on the earth wire to identify a fault. Requirements: Requires a proper earth connection to operate. Function: Only detects earth faults that travel through the main earth wire. Sensitivity: Less sensitive and slower to respond than an RCCB. Application: Mostly found in older electrical installations  RCCB (Residual Current Circuit Breaker) How it works: Monitors the current balance between the live a...

A PICV stands for Pressure Independent Control Valve . It’s a special type of control valve used in HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) systems, especially in chilled water and hot water systems, to control the flow of water to air handling units (AHUs), fan coil units (FCUs), and other terminal units. It combines the functions of a control valve, a differential pressure control valve, and a dynamic balancing valve into a single unit. This design helps maintain a consistent flow rate regardless of system pressure fluctuations, which improves energy efficiency, comfort, and simplifies installation.  If you are a technician you must have noticed fcus installed with PICV. The return line of chilled water will have this valve with an actuator connected to power on top of it to open and close the valve with the help of a spring. Both are required for a control flow and also to save the energy. But dont get mistaken by a control valve and a picv both are d...

HEPA stands for High Efficiency Particulate Air filter.  HEPA filters (High-Efficiency Particulate Air filters) are specialized air filters designed to capture extremely small particles from the air. They’re widely used in air purifiers, HVAC systems, hospitals, cleanrooms, and other environments where air quality is critical. It is a type of air filter designed to trap very fine particles from the air. A true HEPA filter can capture at least 99.97% of particles that are 0.3 microns in size, including dust, pollen, mold, smoke, and some bacteria. They work by using a dense mat of fibers that trap particles through diffusion, interception, and impaction . 👉 Uses: Air purifiers and HVAC systems Hospitals and clean rooms Vacuum cleaners Aircraft cabins What HEPA Filters Do HEPA filters trap: Dust Pollen Mold spores Pet dander Smoke particles Bacteria and some viruses They’re made of a dense mat of fibers (often fiberglass) that captures part...

A GRP tank (Glass Reinforced Plastic tank) is a type of storage tank made from a composite material of fiberglass (glass fibers) and resin (plastic) . This combination makes the tank lightweight, strong, corrosion-resistant, and durable, making it widely used for storing water and various chemicals.   Here’s a detailed explanation: 🔹 What is GRP? Glass Reinforced Plastic (GRP) , also known as fiberglass-reinforced plastic (FRP), is a composite material . It is created by embedding fine glass fibers in a polymer resin matrix. The result is a material that combines: Strength of glass fibers (tensile strength, rigidity) Durability and corrosion resistance of plastic resin . 🔹 Types of GRP Tanks Panel Type GRP Tanks Made of modular panels bolted together. Easy to transport and assemble on-site. Often used for large water storage (domestic, commercial, industrial). Cylindrical / Vertical GRP Tanks One-piece molded tanks. Typically used fo...

  Air filters used in HVAC systems (like FAHUs ) are designed to remove contaminants from the air. The main types of air filters are: 1. Pre-Filters Purpose : Trap large particles like dust, hair, and pollen. Location : First stage in the filtration system. Material : Usually foam, synthetic fiber , or metal mesh . Efficiency : Low ( MERV 1–4). Use : Protects finer filters downstream and extends their life. 2. Fine Filters Purpose : Remove smaller particles like mold spores, dust mites , and finer dust. Material : Pleated synthetic fibers or fiberglass . Efficiency : Medium ( MERV 5–13 ). Use : Common in commercial buildings, hospitals, and residential systems. 3. HEPA Filters (High-Efficiency Particulate Air) Purpose : Capture very fine particles like bacteria, viruses, smoke, and allergens . Efficiency : Extremely high (removes 99.97% of particles ≥0.3 microns). Use : Cleanrooms , hospitals, labs, and high-end air purif...

A latching relay is a type of electrical relay that maintains its position after being actuated, even after the control signal is removed. Unlike regular relays, which require continuous power to keep their contacts closed or open, a latching relay only needs a short pulse to change its state. Working Principle: Bistable Operation : Latching relays have two stable states—one where the contacts are open and another where they are closed. Coil Activation : When a pulse is applied to the coil, the relay changes state. This can be done using a single-coil or dual-coil design: Single-Coil Latching Relay : A single coil is energized with pulses of opposite polarity to switch between states. Dual-Coil Latching Relay : Two separate coils control the ON and OFF states. Magnetic or Mechanical Latching : The relay uses either a permanent magnet (magnetic latching) or a mechanical locking mechanism to hold its position even after power is removed. Advan...